ISRAEL JOURNAL OF

 
VETERINARY MEDICINE                        home    archive    journal

VOLUME 54   NO. 1  O  1999

  

Cover page picture

  An Israeli black ostrich male hatching on eggs in the nest during the day
(courtesy of Dr. B. Perlaman).

 

 

Table of contents

 

            A. Basoglu, I.ÇCamkerten and M. Servinc
            Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine,  
          Selcuk University, 42020 ÇCimenlik Konya, Turkey  
             Read summary         Read full Article

 

                 A.A. Adesiyun1, L.A. Webb1 and H. Romain2  
    1. School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The             
        University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad
    2. Veterinary Public Health Unit, Ministry of Health, Port of Spain, Trinidad               
   
           Read summary         Read full Article

 

           L.S. Shore
           Dept. of  Hormone Research, Kimron Veterinary Institute
           P.O.B 12,  50250 Bet Dagan,  Israel      
               Read summary         Read full Article

 

            G. Abells Sutton and R. Haik
            Koret School of Veterinary Medicine
            Hebrew University of Jerusalem, P.O.B. 12,  76100 Rehovot  
                  Read summary         Read full Article

 

 

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        G. Francos
        35 Shoham st. 34679  Haifa,  Israel

In a study comprising 18233 milk progesterone P4 examinations performed on 26 kibbutz herds three weeks after insemination, the association between the progesterone concentration, the conception rate and the rate of true positive cows (having  positive progesterone concentration values and pregnant on rectal examination) was investigated. Cows with progesterone concentrations of less than 5 ng/ml were classed as negative; those having progesterone concentrations of 5.5 ng/ml or more were classed as positive. The rates of  negatives during the moderate and hot seasons were 27.4 % and 40.9 % respectively (0.0001) For the rate of  positives, the corresponding values  were 72.6% and 59.1% (0.0001) respectively.The rates of true positives in the moderate and the hot seasons were 51.3%  and 36.1% respectively (0.0001).

The distribution of positive  concentrations of P4 during the moderate and  hot seasons was  similar. The cows with a high positive concentration (21or more ng/ml) comprised  during the moderate  and the hot seasons 53% and 54.2 % of all positives respectively. Corresponding values for cows  with medium  positive (11-20 ng/ml)  and low positive (6-10 ng/ml) concentrations were  34.7% and 32.8%; and 12.3% and 13% respectively.

During  the moderate seasons herds with a high average percentage of true positives had higher overall conception rates than cows with medium or low average percentages of true positives (0.00001). Correlation coefficients between overall conception rate and the rate of true positives for the moderate and hot seasons were 0.649  and 0.852 respectively. The correlation coefficient between the overall conception rate and the rate of cows with negative P4 concentrations for these periods was -0.307  and -0.353 respectively.

During the moderate seasons in the group of herds with the highest average rate of true positives (59.7 %) and highest conception  rate (43.5 %) in the subgroups of cows with  low, medium and high  positive P4 concentrations, the rate of true positives was  43.6%; 52.6%  and  65.7% (0.00001) respectively. In contrast, the group of herds with the lowest average rate of true  positives (42.4%) and the lowest conception rates (31.2%) in  the subgroups of cows with low, medium  and high  positive progesterone concentrations, the rates of true positives were 29.7%; 41.8%  and  46.2 %(0.0001) respectively. For the  two groups  of herds with intermediate average rates of true positives (52.8 % and 48.4 %)  and conception rates  of  37.7 % and  36.1 %  the association between  P4 values and  the rate of true positives was evident as well.

The average progesterone values of true positives were significantly higher compared to false positives (0.0001). The average progesterone concentration  of positive cows  was  the same during the moderate and hot seasons.

The rate of true positives  arriving pregnant to term of rectal pregnancy examination was associated with progesterone concentration three weeks after insemination and with the herd’s conception rate. Further studies on the factors  influencing progesterone concentrations three weeks after insemination are indicated.

 

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            A. Basoglu, I.ÇCamkerten and M. Servinc
            Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary  Medicine,  
          Selcuk University, 42020 ÇCimenlik Konya, Turkey  

The effect of passive immune status in diarrheic calves was evaluated. Serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels were measured by single radial immuno- diffusion (SRID) test. There was a significant difference in IgG levels (p<0.01) between the healthy and diarrheic groups. It was observed that IgG levels were important in calf diarrhea while diarrhea occurred in calves with partial or normal passive transfer of IgG. SRID test for immunoglobulins was a practical and quantitative field test.  

 

 

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  The phenotypic characteristics of Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from bulk and composite milk and from nasal and hand swabs of dairymen were compared. Of 105 strains of S. aureus isolated from bulk milk, 70 (66.7%) and 41 (39.0%) were pigmented and hemolytic respectively, compared to 121 (82.9%) and 33 (22.6%) atrains recovered from 333 composite milk isolates. The differences were statistically significant (P­0.01; X2). Amongst bulk milk isolates, 56 (53.3%), 79 (75.2%) and 72 (68.6%) produced a halo on Baird-Parker agar (BPA), and were mannitol fermeters and slide coagulase-test positive, respectively. Halo production on BPA, fermentation of mannitol and a positive slide coagulase test were found in 84 (57.5%), 104 (71.2%) and 108 (74.0%) strains, respectively from composite milk. Of 83 strains of S. aureus isolated from hand swabs of dairymen, 24 (28.9%) and 67 (78.3%) produced haemolysin (s) and were mannitol fermenters, respectively, while out of 66 strains isolated from human nasal swabs, 32 (48.5%) and 42 (63.6%) were haemolytic and fermented mannitol, respectively. The differences were statistically significant (P­0.05; X2). Strains of S. aureus isolated from the hands of dairymen were not statistically significantly (P­0.05; X2) different from the composite milk isolates for any of the phenotypic characteristics investigated. However, S. aureus strains isolated from dairymen were significantly (P­0.05; X2) more pigmented (81.9%) than strains from bulk milk (66.7%).

It was concluded that based on the phenotypic characteristics, there was some interchange of S. aureus strains between dairymen and their cows at the farm level in Trinidad.

 

 

 

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  Scientific research in veterinary science and halacha in the last 100 years has centered on four areas: physiology of shechita, problems of food quality resulting from the laws of kashrut, identification of piscine species, and reducing traifot caused by veterinary intervention and modern animal husbandry

          

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            G. Abells Sutton and R. Haik
            Koret School of Veterinary Medicine
            Hebrew University of Jerusalem, P.O.B. 12,  76100 Rehovot  

Garlic was ineffective in decreasing fecal Strongyl ova counts in donkeys two weeks after treatment.  Either was garlic simply not effective or was the extraction method or the dose inappropriate.  Alternatively, garlic may function by stimulaing the immune system. This aspect was not evaluated in this study.  

 

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